Before independence they were only regional players and their rise in phenomenal proportions was a post-independence feature. He was responsible for expanding the frontier of Sikh Empire to beyond the Indus River, up to the mouth of the Khyber Pass. Most believe that they are descendants of mythological sage Kashyap. Raikot). Lois K. Herr (D)". It used to be the most common surname of the Kayasthas of Bihar, just a generation before, along with others like S. Nair is a popular Kerala Surname belong to the same caste. After Timur attacked the city, people fled to Gujarat and it became independent. Despite the etymology, Hardy says that Khatri is "a mercantile class" and Desai says the Khatris were "traditionally tradesmen and government officials". B S Dahiya[15] writes: As per Ghirsman, in 20 BC, the king of Sogdian was named Heraus (see under Sikarwar). They are Hindus of Khatri class and are found all over Afghanistan even amongst the wildest tribes. Jats of the Bhangu gotra are descendants of the Heir. [2] The word "Dhir" translates to brave. They were the dominant commercial and financial administration class of Late-Medieval India, some in Punjab often belonged to hereditary agriculturalist land-holding . Even a well known Sanskrit scholar too. They belong to business families and also belong to Khatri communities. He, therefore, retired towards Punjab and Iran. They are worker-skilled caste groups. Hari Singh Nalwa, the commander-in-chief of the Sikh Khalsa Army, was an Uppal Khatri and responsible for most of the Sikh conquests up until the Khyber pass. In Mandvi, the silk products were highly valued and the Khatri dyers would work in the pits on the bank of the river Rukmavati because the water was supposed to have special properties to give steadfast colours. In the subcontinent, they were mostly engaged in mercantilistic professions such as banking and trade. [104] According to a 17th century legend, they continued their military service until the time of Aurangzeb, when their mass death during the emperor's Deccan Campaign caused him to order their widows to be remarried. The famous lyricist and writer Gulzar Saheb belong to the Sikh family of present-day Pakistan. The latter considered themselves superior to the former and they called themselves "Brahmakshatriyas" after arriving in Gujarat. [35] Peter Hardy and A. R. Desai also agree that Khatri is derived from Kshatriya. It may be probably due to fact that most of the Heer Jats from Doaba (Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala etc) region of Punjab moved toward western countries during the early 50s and 60s. In earlier times there was no rigidity in caste system. Heer's beauty slays rich Khojas and Khatris in the bazaar, like a murderous Kizilbash trooper riding out of the royal camp armed with a sword, The Arora is a community that Levi describes as a sub-caste of Khatris. I am son of a Chhatri (Khatri), not of a Brahmin and I will live according to my Dharma. [32], The word Khatri in the Hindi Language comes from the Sanskrit word "Kshatriya" according to the abdasgara Lexicon by Shyamasundara Dasa[33] According to B. N. Puri, philologists agree that the terms "Khatri" and "Kshatriya" are synonymous. 31, No. Traditionally, they were predominantly distributed in the districts of Durg, Raipur, Bastar, Nagpur and Bhandara . Ramrao Madhavrao Deshmukh (Marathi: ) (1892-1981) was a prominent political and academic personality from Amravati, Maharashtra. Dheer (surname) Dheer (also spelled as Dhir) is a surname found among the Brahmins and Khatris of Punjab. [193] Hindu-Sikh intermarriages among Khatris and Aroras were common in the cities of Peshawar and Rawalpindi. [34], As per historian W. H. McLeod and Louis Fenech, Khatri is a Punjabi form of the word Kshatriya. Does surname Menda Belongs to schedule caste in vishakhapattanam? There are diverse cultures in the Indian subcontinent, and yet we are all one. Later, they aligned themselves to the teachings of Guru Nanak, himself a Khatri and converted to Sikhism. [5] His son, Dayal Das Dhir was martyred during a battle against the Mughals in Amritsar. Singh, Gulcharan (October 1976), "General Hari Singh Nalwa", The Sikh Struggle in the Eighteenth Century and Its Relevance for Today, W. H. McLeod, History of Religions, Vol. Kulkarni is a popular surname in Maharashtra, especially in Brahmin communities. All castes sub castes are primarily divided into 4 categories: 1.Brahmins - The learned or priestly class According to Dr. Madhu Tyagi, Thevenot is referring to Hindu Khatri caste here. [12], Susan Bayly states that the Khatris had scribal traditions and despite that Khatri caste organisations in the British Raj era tried to portray their caste as Kshatriyas. [179], In the case of Sikh Khatris, their Kshatriya claim reflects a contradictory attitude towards the traditional Hindu caste system. [3] Khulasat-ut-Tawarikh, a persian language book about history of India and Mughal Empire was written by Sujan Rai, a Dhir Khatri of Batala in Gurdaspur. Bhai Bula, a Dhir Khatri was a dedicated Sikh of the time of Guru Arjan Sahib. Meher caste is last name of many people in Indian subcontinent. They are engaged as doctors, engineers, administrators etc. It belongs to the Zoroastrian Parsi family around Gujarat and Maharashtra. Malhotras are also the Khatri community. Deshmukh is a native title that is given to the particular community desamukhi. In the genealogical tables they are supposed to belong to the Yadu dynasty and Ahai was the grandson of Yadu. Chabra is both a Hindu and Sikh surname and belongs to the Aroras too. [184]The Saraswat Brahmins are the purohits of Khatris and accept gifts only from them. The Jat Gotras, Maan, Bhullar and Heer are considered to be the Oldest and Purest Jat gotras. [176] Mark Juergensmyer suggests that many Khatris claim their caste is the warrior caste, as the name and etymology itself suggest but that some scholars dispute these claims and regard Khatris as merchant castes who claim higher status as befit of their economic success and educational achievements. [6] Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mentioned it as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia. [183] Some scholars consider castes in north India, like Khatri and Kayastha to be merchant castes who claim higher status to befit the educational and economic progress they made in the past. At least one member from each family of this village is residing in abroad. The Brahmin, whose task is to master and impart knowledge and administer sacrifices, have the highest rank. George Campbell says "I do not know the exact limits of Khatri occupation to the West, but certainly in all Eastern Afghanistan they seem to be just as much part of the community as they are in the Punjab. Jha is a segment within the Brahmin community in the state of Gujarat, Maharashtra, and other regions. They are wholly occupied in trade and form numerous portion of the population of all the cities and towns, and are also to be found in the majority of large villages. [194] They worship Hinglaj Mata, Chandi Mata, Shiva, Hanuman and Vishnu's avatars. As we keep learning from our childhood, Unity in Diversity. They are primarily from the coastal Karnataka area and belong to both Vaishya and Kshatriya communities. Dubey or Dwivedi is a popular surname in Gujarat. Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Donate Baij Nath Puri mentions that the modern descendants of these Kathaiois, Khathrois & Khatriaoi tribes mentioned by the Greeks in West Punjab are the Khatris of India. It is originated from the Sanskrit language and is another name for Varman too. Some Khatris clans are known to have settled there during Aurangzeb's reign.[214]. Because Englishmen cant pronounce 'Heer' as Heer. [38] As per Dr. GS Mansukhani and RC Dogra, "Khatri appears to be unquestionably a Prakritised form of Sanskrit word Kshatriya. They are Rajputs, generally in the mercantile or business upper class. McLeod, referring to the Khatris and Aroras says "The term is typically used dismissively by Jats to express opprobrium towards Sikhs of these castes. I have seen surnames like Vaidya in many castes which is surprising. In some areas of Punjab they are known as Heer-Bhangoo or Bhangu-Hira or Hira. The Hers are considered to be the original Jats. Reddy is a popular caste group in the South Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Hirpur Ganura is Village in Anandpur Sahib tahsil of Rupnagar district in Punjab. He quotes Ibbetson who states that the Punjabi Khatris who held prominent military and civil posts were traditionally different from the Aroras, Suds or Baniyas who were rural, of low status and mostly commercial. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Gaddi is an amalgamation of various groups such as Khatris, Rajputs, Brahmins etc. Since then, they have produced leading entities in fields of pharmaceuticals, two-wheelers, tractors, paper, tyre-making and hotels with the groups of Ranbaxy, Hero, Mahindra, Ballarpur Industries, Apollo Tyres and Oberoi respectively. Nambudiri or Namboothiri is a dominant surname in the State of Kerala, belonging to Brahmin and higher caste profile. Prof. B.S. [111][112][113][114][115] The Tanks have been stated to be Khatris by some scholars, although others have stated the Tanks were Rajputs.,[116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126] or even a Jat[127] He started as a menial but rose to the level of a noble in the Delhi Sultan's family and became the Governor of Gujrat. For example Aulakh is used as Olak or Olakh, Bains is used as Vains or Vais, Virk is used as Birk or Birka, Takhar is used as Tukhrak etc. During the event, gifts are showered to the pregnant mother from family and friends among other traditions. So technically, this wasnt a family name for very long, and it started becoming a family name in South Indians very recently. [7], As per a legend, a man of the Dhir clan had fought with thieves even after losing his head, seeing his valor a Sidhu Jatt woman kept watching the scene. [65], They were also found in Afghanistan at a population of 300,000 in 1880. Dalal is a gotra and clan of the community of Jats in North India. [14]. Initial names starting with " N " & respective gotrams =====> 1 Nadella Chandrolla, Desatla, Aruvela, Channamalla 2 Nadendla Velicharla, Marutla, Aruvela, Desatla, Chennamalla, Konikanulla 3 Nadimpalli Konakanchi 4 Nadipelli Chennamalla . Balakrishnan is a popular name in Tamil Nadu. Thousands of years before Christ Her,Dahiya,Bhular and Sihag lived in Iran and Turkistan. [203] In Nicola Mooney's opinion, Jat Sikhs consider Arora Sikhs as "Hindu Punjabis" which reserves Sikhism for the Jats alone, denying even the fully baptised Arora as Sikhs. [97][pageneeded] When Guru Tegh Bahadur visited Bengal in 1666, he was welcomed by the local Khatris, thereby supporting earlier waves of migration of Khatris to Bengal as well. See answer (1) Copy. They belong to the Kshatriya caste and are almost spread in several states in and around the regions. This last name is mostly found in Asia, where 65 percent of Dheer are found; 58 percent are found in South Asia and 56 percent are found in Indo-South Asia. How surprising that those Sonars and Khatris at the hands of whom even Shudras will not take water have become Brahmins and Kshatriyas. It has native from the first name being Antony, later converted as a last name. However, this profession often created conflicts with the Brahmin scribes who discontinued the use of Persian and started using Marathi in the Deccan. The Indian business magnet ShivNadar is from the Nadar community of Tamil Nadu. Many surname are found in other castes from the list above. [196], All the ten Sikh Gurus were from various Khatri clans:[198] The early followers of Guru Nanak were Khatris but later a large number of Jats joined the faith. Khatri-Arora marriages are not unknown nowadays. They are ancestors of Arora. [8]. The Muslims, who learned the technique of weaving from them, soon came to be known as Chira-i-Baaf or 'fine cloth weavers'. It technically means Child Krishna. [22], Her population is 3,441 in Amritsar district.[23]. Until recently it was never used in polite company or print, but today the word is used quite openly"[62][201][202] According to Birinder Pal Singh, Jat Sikhs consider only themselves as Sikhs and consider Khatris as "bhapas". They are not a single caste but have various sub-castes within them. Sastri further adds that "even in present day modern-India, a group of martial caste members called Khati (Khatri) exist in North-India". "[200], Bhapa (pronounced as Pahpa) is a term used in a derogatory sense to denote Sikhs who left Potohar Region of modern-day Pakistan during Partition, specifically of Khatri and Arora caste. He introduced an entirely new system of revenue and taxation known as zabt and dahshala respectively.
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