in diameter and 5 feet in height," according to the offical Hodges, New York. Despite their academic trappings, rogue professors "have lost the absolutely essential ability to make qualitative assessments of the data they are studying," while often ignoring scientific standards of testing and veracity. 131. Gordon, ed., 1988b Fantastic Messages From the Past. This ratio of copper to zinc is The radiocarbon date and the publication of McCulloch's article in a local professional journal have significantly enhanced the Bat Creek stone's status as the "cornerstone" of the pre-Columbian contacts movement. Journal of Archaeological Science 5(1):1-16. 40 miles south of Knoxville, in what is somehow, tonight, i took a web surfing journey (trying to find some collaboration that arnold murray actually translated bat creek stone, and if so, if it was considered legitimate) and wound up on your site (Spirit leading? Mound 2 was a burial mound approximately 3 m tall and 13 m in diameter. This is especially exciting when considered in the context of the DNA evidence, Joseph Smiths statements, and all the other archaeological evidence for highly advanced civilizations in the heartland of America during the Book of Mormon epic.4, Your email address will not be published. orientation, and although several of the letters are not perfect as Paleo-Hebrew, plowed flat, and only its approximate location Twelfth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution 1890-'91. In the case of the former, the primitive excavation and recording techniques employed render the certainty of association between the wood fragments, the inscribed stone, and the skeletal remains indeterminant (or at best very tenuous). In the newspaper article (our version is taken from the Nashville Tennessean, 19 October 1970, pp. Following McCulloch (1988), the signs are numbered i - viii from left to right, with viii appearing below the other signs. Symbols, December, 1988, pp. The Bat Creek stone is an inscribed stone collected as part of a Native American burial mound excavation in Loudon County, Tennessee, in 1889. Hebrew writing inscription found in America- The Bat Creek Stone Biblical Truth 144 280 subscribers Subscribe 303 views 10 months ago Copyright Disclaimer under Section 107 of the copyright. [6] Additionally, these markings are characterized by V shape carvings indicating they were created by a sharper tool than the initial eight characters. Bat Creek: Excavations in the Smithsonian Archives," July 1987. ancient times, were clearly engraved in Coelbren letters, There may be a broken sign on the left edge of the stone. Schroedl, Gerald F. Review, Vol. In fact it is not surprising that two Hebrew inscriptions would His findings indicate the stone is authentic, meaning that it is ancient and the Hebrew inscription on its surface is also authentic. 87-93. 1984 Review of "Forgotten Scripts: Their Ongoing Discovery and Decipherment." of the Norse settlement at L'anse Meadows (Ingstad 1964), no convincing evidence for such occurrences has ever been found or recognized by professional researchers. [1][3] Archaeologist Bradley T. Lepper concludes, "the historical detective work of Mainfort and Kwas has exposed one famous hoax". 19, pp. www.rense.com/general28/weks.htm, dated 8/28/02. The Translation (Bat Creek Stone) - YouTube Investigators concluded that the mound was a "platform" mound typical of the Mississippian period. New York Graphic Society, Greenwich. [1] This specific volume was "extensively reprinted during the latter half of the nineteenth century", and would have been available to the forger. 5-18. 1964 The Mine Dark Sea. A Translation of "Inscription" - L'Encyclopdie of Diderot and d'Alembert. In: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. 1993, pp. prime minister of Israel from 1996-1999 and 2009-present. Why Should Latter-day Saints Beware Fraudulent Artifacts? Mainfort 1979:357-359). Application of Occam's Razor strongly suggests a relatively recent European origin for the bracelets from Bat Creek. However, I see no obvious relation in which case it might be a numeral indicating Year 1 or The findspot was about The lone letter below the main line is problematic, but could main line would then read RQ , LYHWD[M], i.e. Their findings were subsequently published and an online version is available on their website. In: Archaeology of the Eastern United States, edited by J.B. Griffin, pp. [1], The stone itself is 11.4 centimeters (4.5 inches) long and 5.1 centimeters (2.0 inches) wide. However, Thomas (1890, 1894) never offered a translation of the inscription. The Bat Creek stone is a relatively flat, thin piece of ferruginous siltstone, approximately 11.4 cm long and 5.1 cm wide. It also seems worth mentioning that Cyrus Thomas was neither the first nor the last archaeologist to be taken in by a questionable artifact. The latter was inextricably linked to the Moundbuilder debate (Silverberg 1968). 14-16, and numerous First, in a short contribution to the Handbook of North American Indians entitled "Inscribed Tablets," Fowke (1907:691) stated that: "While it would be perhaps too much to say that there exists north of Mexico no tablet or other ancient article that contains other than a pictorial or pictographic record, it is safe to assert that no authentic specimen has yet been brought to public notice." abilities per se. The stones inscription was translated into English by several Hebrew language scholars. [7], When the Bat Creek Inscription was found, it entered into this important debate about who the mound builders were. Wolter, Scott, and Richard D. Stehly. Robert Macoy, George Oliver. Dexter, Ralph W. Bat Creek inscription Yet he does not mention the author of the publication he was criticizing, undoubtedly because he himself was the author. 2006): 16-27, 70. 14, No. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. that the first letter is a (reversed) resh. Bat Creek Stone! - Friends N Christ found the new bulla cribbed it from Macoy's book, pp. a plausible spot. The shorter first words of the Bat Creek and Masonic Gordon (1971, 1972) later identified sign viii as "aleph," but did not mention it in a subsequent discussion of the Bat Creek stone (Gordon 1974). "Did Judean Refugees Escape to Tennessee? 927 views, 44 likes, 17 loves, 11 comments, 58 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from ZADOK WATCH Ministry: "The Translation" with Dr. Arnold Murray,. string LYHW- in the word LYHWKL, or My reply to the new Mainfort Craddock, Paul T. Our analysis will focus primarily on alleged similarities with Paleo-Hebrew, although a few comments will be made concerning Thomas' (1890, 1894) identification of the signs as Cherokee. The Indian Tribes of North America. Unlocking the Mystery of the Two Prophets, For Our Day: Divinely Sanctioned Governments. Crown Publishers, Inc., New York. 30. Gordon, Cyrus, "Stone Inscription Found in Tennessee Proves that America was Discovered 1500 Years before Columbus," Argosy Magazine, Jan. 1971a. Mainfort, Robert C., Jr. assumed that the words should be separated by a space, word having two letters and the Masonic word three. ", "Let's be Serious About the Bat Creek Stone", "White Settlers Buried the Truth About the Midwest's Mysterious Mound Cities", "Introduction: Settler Colonialism, History, and Theory", "Cyrus H. Gordon (1908-2001): A Giant among Scholars", "Additional digging uncovers source of Bat Creek hoax". Up Bat Creek (Without a Paddle): Mormon Assessment of the Bat Creek Stone. 5th Annual Report - authors) and I certainly agree with you that the Cherokees were Mound Builders, in fact there is not a doubt in my mind about it.". McCulloch (1988) identifies sign ii as "waw" based partially on a fourth century B.C. the fit as Hebrew is by no means perfect (McCarter 1993). Please feel free to contact us with any questions or comments you have about our organization. Whiteford, Andrew H. 1986 Historical Aspects of the Calaveras Skull Controversy. 1993, p. 46. The Bat Creek Stone remains the property of the Smithsonian Institution, and is catalogued in the collections of the Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, NMNH catalog number 8013771 and original US National Museum number A134902-0. After examining the stones inscribed grooves and outer weathering rind using standard and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and researching the historical documentation, the team of Scott Wolter and Richard Stehly of American Petrographic Services conclude that the inscription is consistent with many hundreds of years of weathering in a wet earth mound comprised of soil and hard red clayand that the stonecan be no younger than when the bodies of the deceased were buried inside the mound. This was an undisputed Hopewell burial mound, and therefore the Hebrew inscribed artifact falls within the time frames of the Book of Mormon in the heartland of America. ", McCulloch, J. Huston, "The Bat Creek Stone Revisted: report. Hodge, Frederick W. (editor) In particular, it should be noted that subsequent to his employment with the Smithsonian Institution, Emmert (1891) published a brief article on an archaeological site in Tennessee in American Anthropologist. However this accord was broken in the 1970s when the Bat Creek Inscription was adopted by proponents of Pre-Columbian transatlantic contact theories. Bat Creek Stone - Volopedia Testing by the Smithsonian (Thomas 1894) and the University of Tennessee (Schroedl 1975) suggests that this structure was a multi-stage Mississippi an platform mound (perhaps lacking associated structures on the mound surfaces). Finally, we have documented the fact that the Bat Creek stone was not accepted as a legitimate artifact by contemporary researchers and have provided strong indications that, after the initial publication of the object (Thomas 1890, 1894), both Cyrus Thomas and other staff members at the Smithsonian Institution came to doubt the authenticity of the stone. on the second Bat Creek letter, 1892 Improved Cherokee Alphabets. The Bat Creek stone from eastern Tennessee is a notable exception and is considered by cult archaeologists to be the best piece of evidence for pre-Columbian contacts by Old World cultures. 1-2), Gordon was quoted as saying that: "Various pieces of evidence point in the direction of migrations (to North America) from the Mediterranean in Roman times. A modern example of such a name is that of Benjamin Netanyahu, Shepherd's Chapel with Pastor Arnold Murray. When. Refugees Escape to Tennessee?" McKusick, Marshall. 134902, Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution). The Little Tennessee River enters Tennessee from the Appalachian Mountains to the south and flows northward for just over 50 miles (80km) before emptying into the Tennessee River near Lenoir City. The January/February 2006 1907 Inscribed Tablets. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. standard Square Hebrew into the older alphabet, erroneously Day, Joan 1974 Fort Michilimackinac 1715-1781: an Anthropological Perspective on the Revolutionary Frontier. 1907 Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico.Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. Suppressed Archaeology (Part Four) - Church of the Great God as in English or modern Hebrew. 1973 Bristol Brass: A History of the Industry. trees and grapevines as long ago as the oldest settler [1], In 1967, the Tennessee Valley Authority announced plans to build Tellico Dam at the mouth of the Little Tennessee River and asked the University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology to conduct salvage excavations in the Little Tennessee Valley. If it could be shown to work even better as Coelbren, Reprinted in Ancient American Vol. illustration, making the Bat Creek word "for Judea." 1975 Unexpected Faces in Ancient America, 1500 B.C. Jones 2004) that Coelbren itself the first letter must be something different, and The mound had some large sassafras trees standing on it when 1968 The Kensington Rune Stone: New Light on an Old Riddle. The University of Tennessee excavators didn't investigate Mound 2 or Mound 3, both of which no longer existed. [2] According to the American Petrographic Services' evaluation of the stone, the marks are characterized by smooth, "rounded grooves". Much of the commentary below dealing with resemblances of signs to Paleo-Hebrew is quoted from his reply to our inquiry; the authors alone are responsible for all comments pertaining to Cherokee similarities, i: Although identified by Gordon (1971, 1972, 1974) as "daleth", this sign is impossible as Paleo-Hebrew in the period 100 B.C.-A.D. 100, based on shape and stance. 35 . http://bookofmormonevidence.org/history-of-the-bat-creek-stone/, the other eminent men of wilford woodruff. 6, respectively, of some era. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. is the modern invention of Edward Williams 1974 A History of American Archaeology. originally proposed by Mertz. Although the authors have no formal training in the Cherokee syllabary (nor do cult archaeology writers such as Gordon and McCulloch), it seems necessary to Exposed," American Antiquity 64 (Oct. 2004): 761-769. Although now, "the mounds of North America have been proven to be constructions by Native American peoples for a variety of purposes" at the start of the nineteenth century, there was genuine confusion about who built the mounds. 1984 Ghanaian and Coptic Brass Lamps. Publications of the Museum, Michigan State University, Anthropological Series, Vol. The Bat Creek stone is a small stone tablet engraved with several apparently alphabetic characters, found during excavations of a small mound in 1889 near Knoxville, Tenn. This shape suggests the stone's creator used a rounded instrument to make the engraving. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. As a strong advocate of pre-Columbian contacts between the Mediterranean region and the New World, Gordon's (1971, 1972, 1974) interpretation of the Bat Creek inscription could justifiably be criticized on the grounds that his zeal to make a case for the radiation of higher culture from a single Near Eastern center caused him to relax the disciplines of historical linguistics, paleography, and historical orthography. A Reply to Mainfort and Kwas in, http://druidry.org/obod/lore/coelbren/coelbren.html, http://www.ampetrographic.com/files/BatCreekStone.pdf. 1991 Fantastic Archaeology: The Wild Side of North American Prehistory. [4] Countering the notion of pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories, archaeologists Robert Mainfort and Mary Kwas have concluded that the inscription is not a genuine paleo-Hebrew artifact but rather a 19th-century forgery. David and Charles, Newton Abbot. space as in English or modern Hebrew. Archaic and Woodland cultural materials were also recovered from the pre-mound deposits and were also present in the adjacent occupation areas. (By Cyrus H. Gordon). [7] The forced removal of Native peoples from their land and the severing of Native people from their heritage was partially enacted by "destroying indigenous pyramid mounds" and "The creation of the Myth of the Mounds". This small, inscribed rock was reportedly excavated from a mound in 1889 by John W. Emmert, a Smithsonian Institution field assistant, during the course of the Bureau of American Ethnology Mound Survey. Independent scientific verification of an archaeologically excavated stone with ancient Hebrew inscribed into its surface has been completed in the Americas. The Bat Creek Stone Courtesy of Tennessee Anthropological Association Once the engraved stone was in Emmert's hands, local Republicans tried to get Emmert to sendthe stone to Knoxville to have it "translated." The actual chart which Blackman used to copy theletters had been published in a book in l882. Two of these are Thomas's (1890, 1894) own publications, as cited earlier. of their claim, there is no basis for either of these conclusions. Peet 1890, 1892, 1895). The Carbon dating was performed on wood fragments found in the inscription in 1988 which yielded a date between 32 A.D. and 769 A.D., a very significant correlation with the Book of Mormons Nephite time frames, which was roughly 600 B.C. Mainfort, Robert C., Jr. and Mary L. Kwas. Gordon, Cyrus H. Also relevant here is the. See also comment by Bat Creek Mound #3, with the inscription Welsh Discover America," unsigned online press release at The cornerstone of this reconstruction is at present the Bat Creek inscription because it was found in an unimpeachable archaeological context under the direction of professional archaeologists working for the prestigious Smithsonian Institution.". "The Translation" (Bat Creek Stone), Dr. Arnold Murray, Shepherd's Chapel, STONE OF DESTINY by E. Raymond Capt, Shepherd's Chapel Documentaries, "Great Conspiracy" by Pastor Arnold Murray, ShepherdsChapel.com, RED LINE by Pastor Dennis Murry, Shepherd's Chapel, Shepherd's Chapel: When Is The White Throne Judgement. of the inscription. the above photograph of the Bat Creek stone. is not unlikely that Mound #3's trees were of the same type. Yet, even as the Davenport finds "proved too much" with respect to pre-Columbian Old World contacts, so too did the Bat Creek stone "prove too much" regarding Thomas's own pet hypothesis that the immediate ancestors of the Cherokee constructed most of the burial mounds in eastern North America. "had been covered by a cluster of Having presented certain evidence that suggests that not only contemporary archaeologists and anthropologists, but also Cyrus Thomas himself, did not consider the Bat Creek stone to be authentic, we feel compelled to address the question: "Who was the forger and what were his motives?" fact that during the Civil War, Emmert served in the Confederate Quartermaster Department, presumably as a result of his previous experience as a "store keeper" (John W. Emmert, Compiled Service Record, M268/346, National Archives).
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